What is the primary function of the ovaries?

The primary function of the ovaries is to produce eggs and hormones. This is a crucial role in the female reproductive system. The ovaries are responsible for the development and release of oocytes, which are the precursor cells to eggs, during the menstrual cycle. Additionally, they produce important hormones such as estrogen and progesterone, which regulate not only the menstrual cycle but also influence secondary sexual characteristics and overall reproductive health.

While facilitating fertilization, supporting pregnancy, and regulating the menstrual cycle are all significant functions related to female reproduction, they are either outcomes of ovarian function or related to other structures. For instance, fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes, and pregnancy support primarily involves the uterus. Therefore, the central role of the ovaries lies in their dual function of generating eggs and producing hormones, which are foundational to all subsequent reproductive processes.