What does topical administration refer to?

Topical administration refers to the application of a drug directly onto the skin or mucous membranes. This method allows for localized treatment, minimizing systemic absorption and potential side effects associated with drugs that enter the bloodstream. It is commonly used for various conditions such as skin diseases, localized pain relief, or cosmetic applications.

This approach contrasts with other methods of administration. For instance, administering medication into the veins signifies intravenous delivery, which is used for systemic treatment. Placing medication under the tongue indicates sublingual administration, which facilitates rapid absorption into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes. Lastly, injections encompass various routes like intramuscular or subcutaneous, often used for systemic drug delivery. Each method serves specific therapeutic purposes, but topical administration uniquely emphasizes localized treatment by directly targeting the area of interest.