What does hypernatremia refer to?

Hypernatremia refers to an increase in plasma sodium levels above normal. This condition typically indicates that the sodium concentration in the blood is elevated due to a variety of factors, which can include dehydration, excessive salt intake, or certain medical conditions that disrupt the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. The normal range for sodium levels in blood is around 135-145 mEq/L, and hypernatremia is diagnosed when levels exceed this range.

Understanding hypernatremia is essential because it can lead to significant clinical complications, such as neurological symptoms due to changes in brain cell hydration. Given this context, the accurate definition helps practitioners recognize and treat potential underlying issues related to electrolyte imbalances effectively.