Toxicology primarily deals with the study of what?

Toxicology is fundamentally the study of the effects of chemicals on living organisms and the environment. It involves understanding how various substances, including drugs, alcohols, poisons, and environmental pollutants, can be harmful or beneficial. This field examines the mechanisms through which these chemicals interact with biological systems, leading to toxic or adverse effects, as well as their potential therapeutic uses in medicine.

The focus on chemicals in living organisms explains why this choice is the correct answer. Toxicologists often assess factors such as dosage, exposure routes, and the biological responses to these chemicals, seeking to determine their safety levels and potential health implications. This discipline is crucial in the fields of medicine, environmental science, and regulatory policy to ensure safety and prevent harmful exposures.

In contrast, the other options focus on different domains: diagnosing and treating cancers relates to oncology, diseases in adults pertains to general medicine or adult health, and imaging technology connects to radiology and diagnostic procedures. None of these areas encapsulate the core focus of toxicology, which is centered around the interaction between chemicals and living organisms.